# NPN output

## **Specifications**

#### **NPN Output**

| Power supply spec          | 24V   |
| -------------------------- | ----- |
| Reverse voltage protection | Yes   |
| PNP  connection            | No    |
| Maximum output frequency   | 700Hz |
| Overcurrent protection     | 200mA |

## Wiring

#### NPN Output Wiring Diagram

* **Brown:** 24 VDC (+), **Blue:** 0 VDC (–), **Orange:** NPN Output (+)

This function operates only when the brown and blue lines are powered by a DC supply.

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## NPN Parameter Configuration

Follow the steps below to configure NPN output parameters:

{% stepper %}
{% step %}

### Set Basic Parameters

* Refer to the [**Parameter Settings**](https://docs.lorric.com/qr/fp-as310-paddle-wheel-flowmeter-manual-en-v1/installation-and-setup/parameter-setup) page and complete the following steps: **Language Setting** (H04 Language)**, Pipe Settings** (A01 Pipe Type)**, Unit Settings:** (B01 Vol. Unit), (B02 Time Unit), (B03 Total Unit), (A08 Pipe Material)

{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### **Wiring Setup**

Connect the NPN output wiring according to the instructions on this page.

{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### **E01 – NC/NO (Normally Closed or Normally Open)**

Set parameter **E01 NC/NO** to select the default state:

* **NC (Normally Closed):** Conducting when idle
* **NO (Normally Open):** Open when idle

{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### **E02 – OCT Definition (Output Signal Type)**

Set parameter **E02 OCT Info** to specify the output signal.

* If “Pulse Output” is selected:
  * Use **E03 Pulse Width** to set the duration of each pulse.
  * Use **F03** to activate the **pulse simulation function** and verify that the **receiving device correctly detects the pulse count**.
* If “Pulse V2” is selected:
  * Use **E03 Pulse Width** to set the duration of each pulse.
  * Use **E14 Pulse V2 Unit** to define the capacity represented by each pulse.
  * Use **F03** for **pulse simulation**, and confirm the signal is correctly received by the downstream system.
* &#x20;If selecting "Flow Out-of-Range Notification":
  * Use **D04** to **enable the alarm**.
  * Use **D05** and **D06** to set the **acceptable flow range**.
  * Use **D07** to set **hysteresis control** — a positive value will reduce the likelihood of repeated alerts by adding a delay buffer.
  * Use **simulation parameters F01 and F02**, then return to the main screen to confirm the **alarm functions as expected**.
  * **Turn off simulation** once confirmed.
* &#x20;If selecting "Cumulative Flow Exceeded Notification":
  * Use **D08** to **enable the alert**.
  * Use **D09** to define the **trigger condition**:
    * “Greater than” for **positive flow**
    * “Less than” for **negative flow**
  * Use **D10** to define the **target cumulative volume**:
    * Positive values for **positive flow direction**
    * Negative values for **reverse flow direction**
  * Use **F01 and F02** to simulate, and return to the main screen to verify **alarm operation**.
  * **Turn off simulation** after verification.
* If “Total Alarm” is selected:

  * Use **D09 Total Alarm** to enable the alarm.
  * Use **D10 Total Trig.** to set the trigger condition:
    * **“Greater than Target”** for forward flow
    * **“Less than Target”** for reverse flow
  * Use **D11 Total Target** to specify the cumulative target:
    * Positive value for forward flow
    * Negative value for reverse flow

  (See Note 1)
* If “Flow Alarm” is selected:

  * Use **D05 FlowLIM Alarm** to enable the flow range alarm.

  * Use **D06 UP LIM** (Upper Limit) and **D07 Low LIM** (Lower Limit) to define the normal flow range.

  > **Note:** If either **D06** or **D07** is adjusted, the other must also be set; otherwise, the display may not function correctly. If both are unset, default values are **D06 = 100**, **D07 = 0**.

  * Use **D08 Hysteresis** to define the hysteresis operation method. Values must be positive and expressed as a percentage; larger values reduce repeated alarm triggers.

  (See Note 2)
  {% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Return to the main screen. Complete.

{% endstep %}
{% endstepper %}

### **Pulse Output**

The **pulse output** function provides a **direct count of paddlewheel rotations**.\
One **pulse** is generated for every **180 degrees of paddlewheel rotation**.

At a flow velocity of **10 m/s**, the **maximum output frequency** will not exceed **300 Hz**.

As this output **does not utilise LORRIC’s internal data processing algorithms**, it is **recommended for use in applications where high precision is not required**.

To calculate totalised flow over a given period, simply **divide the number of received pulses by the scale factor corresponding to the pipe size**.\
Please refer to the following reference data for scale values.

## Plastic (PVC, PP, PVDF) T-connector

| Pipe diameter | Model   | Metric ratio (pulses per litre) | US Gallon (pulses per US gal) | UK Gallon (pulses per UK gal) |
| ------------- | ------- | ------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| 1/2"          | FP-P016 | 106.55                          | 403.33                        | 484.38                        |
| 3/4"          | FP-P020 | 67.23                           | 254.48                        | 305.62                        |
| 1"            | FP-P025 | 53.33                           | 201.89                        | 242.46                        |
| 1-1/4"        | FP-P032 | 24.44                           | 92.51                         | 111.11                        |
| 1-1/2"        | FP-P040 | 17.02                           | 64.43                         | 77.38                         |
| 2"            | FP-P050 | 9.86                            | 37.31                         | 44.81                         |
| 2-1/2"        | FP-P065 | 5.42                            | 20.52                         | 24.64                         |

### Pulse V2 Output

{% hint style="info" %}
This feature has undergone **limited scenario testing** and is currently in the **public testing phase**.\
**Please thoroughly test and carefully assess suitability** before deploying it in operational environments.&#x20;
{% endhint %}

**Pulse V2** is a proprietary feature developed by **LORRIC**, based on its patented **AxleSense** technology.

This advanced algorithm allows users to define a **fixed volume per pulse**, and the system will generate **one pulse each time the specified volume passes through** the meter.

In addition, the system **intelligently compensates for low-flow discrepancies**, further reducing pulse output error.

Compared to traditional pulse output — which simply emits a pulse each time the paddlewheel blade passes the sensor — **Pulse V2 offers two key advantages**:

1. **Easier configuration for users**, as volume-based pulses are more intuitive when setting up controllers.
2. **Improved accuracy at low flow rates**, due to built-in compensation logic.