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The measurement method of LORRIC’s paddle wheel flowmeter is magnetism and the paddle’s rotation. Bubble, solid foreign matters, magnetic substance should be avoided. Meanwhile, there should not be any interference by strong magnetic field around the flowmeter.
The unused wires should be covered or protected to avoid electric leakage, short circuit, damage, and electric shock to humans.
If disassembling the device, please make sure there is no any foreign object on sealing of lower housing, then evenly tighten 4 screws on upper housing. If screws are not evenly tightened, it may cause damage to the housing. If not completely locked, the device may not be water and dust proof.
To avoid damaging electronic parts, please make sure the device is powered off.
The flow volume measurement of LORRIC’s paddle wheel flowmeter is based on the rotating mechanism of the paddle wheel. Paddle or shaft could be lost under long-term abrasion or impact by external forces. Users should pay careful attention to any equipment that may be damaged by missing paddle and shaft.
Pressing the button for an extended period will cause damage to the button. Please avoid excessive pressing.
After the warranty, the electronic components of the product will age due to time and operating environment. Under long-term use, please replace the new product according to the condition of the product.
Do not operate the product under an Orange or Red LCD Backlight for a long time. Product damage and related losses may occur.
For systems containing high levels of impurities or crystallising fluids (e.g. copper sulphate), clean-in-place (CIP) procedures must be carried out prior to use to prevent paddlewheel damage.Damage caused under such conditions is not covered under warranty.
The paddlewheel axle is made from ceramic material, offering high durability for long-term use, but it is brittle and not impact-resistant. It may fracture if subjected to sudden mechanical force. Incidents such as dropping during installation or removal, rapid pressure fluctuations (e.g. from pump or valve switching), water hammer, or impact from foreign objects in the fluid are not covered by warranty. It is recommended that system start-up/shutdown and valve operations be controlled using soft-start programming, allowing gradual changes to reach the target state. For example, start the pump via inverter control at 35 Hz and increase the frequency only after the system stabilises.
Measuring range and service life:
The flow meter supports an operating flow velocity range of 0.3 m/s to 10 m/s. However, extended use at high velocities can shorten paddlewheel lifespan. It is advised to select appropriate pipe diameter to ensure that long-term operating flow remains below 5 m/s.
Upon receipt, the product should be inspected within 14 days. If damage is found due to shipping, please contact your sales representative for a replacement.
The product is covered by a 12-month warranty from the date of shipment, against malfunctions not caused by misuse or environmental factors. Within this period, inspection, parts replacement, and repairs are provided free of charge.
The paddlewheel assembly is classified as a consumable part, and its lifespan will vary depending on the usage environment. Wear due to usage is not covered under warranty.
When returning a product for repair, ensure proper packaging to avoid transport-related damage and additional losses.
This warranty is valid only for standard applications. Special, excessive, or improper usage is excluded from warranty coverage.
Warranty is void and repair costs will be charged under the following conditions:
Force majeure: natural disasters including flooding, fire, earthquakes, lightning strikes, typhoons, etc.
Human error or physical damage: scratches, drops, broken clips, impacts, cracks, or heavy blows.
Improper handling: incorrect voltage, high humidity, water ingress, contamination, corrosion, loss, or poor storage.
Any damage arising from abnormal or unintended usage.
Damage caused by unauthorised installation, modifications, or use of non-approved parts by the customer or a third party.
This product must not be used in pressurised gas applications.
Format of hardware version number vYY.XX.ZZ
Hardware version number starts with a lowercase “V”, followed by 1 to 2 numbers “YY” which represents important modification of electronic and mechanism affects product’s core function. Following 1 or 2 numbers “XX” represents modification of non-core function. The last 1 or 2 numbers “ZZ” represents modification which does not affect product function, such as minor mechanism feature modification or substitution of electronic component.
Firmware version number starts by lowercase “V”, followed by 1 to 2 numbers “YY” which represents important modification of firmware. Following 1 or 2 numbers “XX” represents modification of non-core function. The last 1 or 2 numbers “ZZ” represents modification which does not affect product function.
Version number starts from lowercase “v”, following 2 numbers “XX” which version of manual.The last 1 or 2 numbers “ZZ” represents revised serial number of the version.
Due to modifications in mechanisms, electrical or firmware that could affect usage or installation methods, LORRIC will release new versions of the instruction manual. For example, if the definition of aviation plug changes then we will release an updated manual. At the same time, for clients who own older models, the appropriate manual will still be available.
If modifications in the instruction manual don't affect the usage, but are just for improvements in grammar, sentence structure, etc. LORRIC will not release a new version.
The manual provides multi-language versions. The same manual version in each language is for the same hardware and firmware version.
Paddlewheel assembly (including rotor housing, paddlewheel, and axle) × 1
M4 mounting screws for paddlewheel assembly × 4
Rotor housing O-ring × 1
The paddlewheel assembly can be ordered separately or supplied together with the tee fitting.
Verify the manual version corresponds to both the hardware and firmware of the unit. To check the manual version, please refer to the version page.
Ensure the installation environment meets the measurement requirements. A sufficient length of straight pipe must be present both upstream and downstream of the flow meter to stabilise the flow profile. The optimal installation position is on the side of a horizontal pipe or in a vertical pipe with upward flow (from bottom to top).
Confirm the pipe material is suitable in terms of temperature resistance, chemical compatibility, and correct dimensions.
The chemical composition and operating temperature of the fluid can vary significantly across industries. Please review the chemical properties of the fluid carefully prior to purchasing the flow meter, to avoid potential damage.
This flow meter operates using magnetic sensing technology. The presence of magnetic particles in the fluid may interfere with its operation, and such fluids should be avoided. The unit should also be installed away from sources of strong electromagnetic fields, such as motors and solenoid valves.
This product has passed the third-party IP66(Not UL certificated) test.and obtained CE, FCC test. Rohs application pending.
If the password protection feature is enabled, attempting to enter the Setup menu from the monitoring screen in order to modify parameters will first prompt the following screen:
From the main screen, press the bottom-right button to enter the settings menu. The screen will appear as follows:
YYou can use the two middle buttons to scroll through the available parameter categories. For a full list of parameter categories and definitions, refer to the parameter settings page.
Once inside a sub-menu, you can select the specific parameter to configure. The screen will appear as follows:
LORRIC’s paddlewheel flow meter utilises AxleSense technology, which detects flow via the rotation of an internal magnetic component embedded within the paddlewheel. A signal is transmitted with every blade rotation within a margin of 3 degrees, resulting in denser signal output and significantly improved resolution. This design ensures highly sensitive detection, even at flow velocities as low as 0.3 m/s, allowing rapid and continuous signal acquisition. The result is faster flow measurement response and industry-leading linearity of 0.5% of full scale.
In addition to enhanced sensitivity, AxleSense enables the flow meter to detect bidirectional flow, providing directional feedback through positive or negative values.
As this product relies on magnetic sensing and mechanical rotation, it is essential to avoid the presence of solid particulates, magnetic substances, crystallisation, and water hammer in the fluid. Additionally, strong electromagnetic fields near the main unit should be avoided.
The presence of solids, magnetic materials, crystallised deposits, or water hammer may cause the paddlewheel to become jammed or significantly reduce its lifespan. A notable feature of AxleSense technology is the ability to generate an alert signal if the paddlewheel is lost due to external force or wear.
Strong magnetic interference near the main unit may cause flow reading inaccuracies or prevent the paddlewheel from rotating. Interference sources should be eliminated.
This product is designed for industrial flow measurement in full-pipe systems carrying relatively clean liquids. The installation location should promote stable and fully developed flow conditions. Fluid temperature must be kept within 0–50°C, in accordance with the temperature limitations of the PVC tee and paddlewheel assembly. The flow meter housing is rated IP65 for water resistance, but is not suitable for submersion.
The enclosure is made of polycarbonate (PC), which offers limited chemical resistance and should not be exposed to high concentrations or prolonged contact with aggressive chemicals.
Selection of pipe fittings and paddlewheel materials should take into account the following factors:
Temperature resistance
Chemical compatibility
Pressure tolerance
bit order: lsb first
byte order: big endian
Data bits:8
Parity: None
Stop bits: 1
Floating point number follows IEEE754-1985. The float32 below stands for 32bits Single precision floating point number.
Register: Length of 2 Byte or 16bit which is unit length of memory in Modbus RTU.
Byte: 8 bit length
Modbus-accessible memory is divided into two main categories: read-only and read/write.
The read-only memory primarily contains data related to the flow meter’s operational status, such as instantaneous flow rate. This category is the most commonly accessed memory area. Read-only memory can only be accessed using Function Code 04 (Read Input Registers).
Relevant register mappings and details can be found on the following page:
Yes
1
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
No
0
Mechanism Specs
Installation method
in-line (Pipe segment)
Fluid in pipes temperature
UPVC：0~50 °C (32~122°F), For higher temperature, please use PPH or PVDF or 316L Stainless Steel*
Device working environment temperature
-10~60°C (14~140°F)
T-connector adapter
UPVC Gluing adapter(ASTM, JIS, DIN) UPVC internal and external thread adapter (BSPT and NPT),
PPH / PVDF insertion welding fitting, UPVC / PPH / PVDF Spigot
T-connector diameter
DN15-65 (½" to 2-1/2")
Measurement Specs
Applicable fluid maximum dynamic viscosity
300cSt***
Applicable fluid
Clear, oil or chemicals with less impurities (<1%)
Linearity
± 0.5 % FS (>0.3m/s)
Reproducibility
± 0.4 %
OR tolerance
± 2.5 % OR
User Interface
Language
English, Traditional Chinese (Others customizable)
Unit
Metric: Litre, cubic meters, meters
Imperial: foot, Cubic foot, Uk gallon, US gallon
Time: second, minute, hour
Display
Dual screen display: Large 5-Digit 16 Color Backlight LCD display
Display digits
LCD 10 Digits (Not including sign and decimal point)
Operation buttons
4 Key touch buttons
** IP66：The IP Code, International Protection Marking, IEC standard 60529, sometimes interpreted as Ingress Protection Marking, classifies and rates the degree of protection provided by mechanical casings and electrical enclosures against intrusion, dust, accidental contact, and water. The first digit indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts (e.g., electrical conductors, moving parts) and the ingress of solid foreign objects. The second digit indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against harmful ingress of water.
First 6 stands for dust tight: No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact (dust tight). A vacuum must be applied. Test duration of up to 8 hours based on air flow.
Second 6 stands for powerful water jets: Water projected in powerful jets (12.5 mm) against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects.
*** The device is calibrated with normal temperature water. Fluids with different viscosities may have different results, and may also change the minimum and maximum flow velocity.
**** The flow velocity range may be slightly different due to factors such as piping diameter and fluid coefficient。
The LCD provides three-color backlight. Alarm A B C lights only work in the "on" setting. The lights will not work in the dnd and off settings. The definitions are as follows: Green: The host displays real-time information and the data is within the normal range. Flashing red: The host has a major abnormality Alarm-A. Please see the warning instructions page. Continuous red: Alarm B The host meets the user-specified conditions, or Alarm C maintenance matters, please see the warning instructions page. Orange: The host is normal, and the display screen is in the historical data query and setting page.
Please refer to the parameter set-up page.
Set-up steps as below:
Please set up the basic parameters first.
Connect cable first according to the cable wiring instructions on this page.
Set up parameter E06 for opening Analog current output function, and select the data content to be output.
The current range to be set up by using parameter E13 is 4-20mA.
Parameter E07 and E08 are for specifying maximum and minimum value to output. These 2 values can be either positive or negative, however, E07 has to be smaller than E08.
Use E09 to set output current milliamps when output data is out of the E07 and E08 range.
Please enter the E11 parameter page to test and adjust 0mA/ 4mA output current. Adjustment unit is uA.
Please enter the E12 parameter page to test and adjust 20mA output current. Adjustment unit is uA..
If the output current is too low and can not reach 20mA after modifying parameter E12, please check the 4-20mA specification on the for line impedance and supply voltage requirement.
Use parameter F01 for setting up the flow volume value to be simulated. Turn on F02 and go back to the monitoring screen.
Confirm that the external device receives the signal correctly.
Turn off F02 and go back to the monitoring screen.
Finish.
If any of the scenarios below occur and damage the paddlewheel, the warranty is void.
If the device material is PC then it is not resistant to PVC glue with its strong gas and lubricant for PVC pipe. Therefore, before installing the paddlewheel flowmeter you must be sure the glue is dry between the connecting pipe and adapter.
EPDM seal material only works with certain chemicals, but not oil.
Please notice if chemicals are flowing vertically it could potentially damage the paddle wheel flowmeter.
If the paddle wheel flowmeter is not able to be aligned with the main pipe or is taken as supported point on the pipeline, the flowmeter may bear unexpected force which could shorten usage life and cause water leakage.
During the installation, it is better to use hands to lock the union nuts until there is no water leakage instead of using tools which could damage the flowmeter.
Inaccurate piping may cause liquid leakage and lead to the paddle wheel flowmeter’s damage.
When valving, water hammer should be carefully avoided to prevent paddle wheel flowmeter damage.
The operational device of the paddle wheel flowmeter is not UV resistant. Therefore, we suggest to cover it with protector if installed outdoors.
The seller will not be responsible of free maintenance for any defect or malfunction incurred by individual causes.
If the paddlewheel flowmeter is transported with it's piping system to another site without protection it could be damaged.
When installing the paddle wheel flowmeter there should be an appropriate amount of spacing for union and flange installation. If not, the following accidents may occur:
Crack on union nut
Crack on adaptor
Stripped T-connector thread
Within correct installation, the paddle wheel flowmeter can resist maximum pressure up to 10 kg/cm². Do not use too much torque to lock the union nuts, otherwise the following accidents could occur :
Crack on union nut
Crack on adaptor
Stripped T-connector thread.
The 1st principle for choosing an installation location where the pipe is filled with liquid to avoid issues caused by air bubble or precipitation in the pipe.
The 2nd principle is allowing the flow in the pipe to be fully developed by having enough length on both sides of the straight pipe. This means no equipment should be left on either side like adaptors, elbow pipe, valves or pumps.
The flow volume measurement of LORRIC’s paddle wheel flowmeter is based on the rotating mechanism of the paddle wheel. Paddle or axel could be lost under long-term abrasion or impact by external forces.Users should pay careful attention to any equipment that may cause the above damage.
The LCD display screen should not be exposed to direct sunlight that could cause visibility issues and a shorter usage life. Therefore, installing the flowmeter under direct sunlight should be avoided or with a sunlight protector is recommended.
During flow movement, where the liquid is coming from means the front and where it’s moving to means the back. Generally, it is recommended that the flowmeter be installed at a position 10D (10x inside diameter of the pipe) at the front and 5D at the back (as shown in the figure below). If the inside of the pipe diameter is unknown, the outside of the diameter can be used.
The flow meter should be installed upstream of valve, so the fluid will be fully developed. This recommendation is also applicable to other piping components that may affect the flow field.
Please choose the vertical pipe with an bottom-up flow direction.
Please choose the location with full liquid, like the lower part of the inclined pipe.
LORRIC’s paddlewheel flowmeter should not be installed at the top right or bottom side of the pipe in order to avoid the interruption of air bubbles or precipitate.
CommentShare feedback on the editorIf the paddle wheel flowmeter is installed on the side, which also affects flow measurement and causes a shorter product life.
If air bubbles frequently generate in the pipe it may lead to over 5% non-reproducible measurement error which should be avoided.
Take off union adapter and nuts, paddle set, and device from T-connector
Install union adapter and nuts with pipe: Install the union adapter and nuts to the pipe with glue. Before going to the next step, the glue should be completely dry.
Lock T-connector and pipe with union adapter
Install paddle set and seals with T-connector: The arrow sign on the top of the paddle set means the direction of flow, the top side of the arrow sign means the direction of line-out. As below image, please refer to it before installation.
Warning: Do not use excessive force when disassembling or rotating the host, avoid pulling or damaging the wiring, and check whether the wires are disconnected.
Please turn off the device and unplug before disassembling it.
Take off four hex socket head cap screws on the top housing according to above image.
Seperate top and bottom housing.
Be aware when separating the top and bottom housing because there are many wires connecting both.
Set pipeline model – Parameter A01
Set volume unit – Parameter B01
Set time unit – Parameter B02
Set totalised flow unit – Parameter B03
Return to the main screen and verify the flow direction. If needed, configure flow direction settings via Parameters A05 and A06.
Return to the main screen again to ensure data readings appear normal, or make fine adjustments using Parameter A02.
If communication settings are required, proceed to configure parameters under Category E (Communication Settings).
It is recommended to use the simulation test parameters – F01, F02, F03 – to verify communication with the control system.
Remove the main unit and check if Alarm A is triggered after 1 second. Reinstall the unit; the LCD should return to green.
Finally, set the main display screen to show one of the following:
Instantaneous flow rate
Instantaneous flow velocity
Totalised flow volume
Setup complete.It is recommended to refer to the complete parameter reference page for detailed firmware configuration guidance.
Prolonged or excessive pressure on the buttons may cause damage. Avoid pressing and holding buttons for extended periods.
The main unit is equipped with four control buttons, and the bottom line of the LCD screen displays the current function assigned to each button.
The leftmost button generally functions as “Exit” or “Back” to return to the previous screen.
The two central buttons allow the user to navigate between pages, adjust values, or select options.
The rightmost button typically serves as “Enter”, “Confirm”, or “Set”.
Please note that these definitions apply under standard operating conditions. In certain situations, the button functions may be intentionally redefined to improve usability or to reduce the risk of unintended operation.
The LCD display is equipped with three-colour backlighting, with the following status definitions:
Green: The unit is operating normally, displaying real-time information, and all values are within the specified operational range.
Flashing Red: A critical system alarm (Alarm A) has been triggered. Refer to the alarm warning page for further details.
Solid Red:
Due to the high-frequency nature of real-time flow measurements, the device continuously refreshes the LCD display. However, a delay of approximately 0.1 seconds may exist between the internal data acquisition and the displayed value.
To confirm if the power supply works fine.
To confirm if the Iout function is still on.
To confirm if the low point value is 0 or 4mA.
To confirm the setting of the corresponding value range.
To confirm if wire wiring is correct and the insulation of unused wires is finished.
To get into to check if the 4mA export and interpretation function of the receiver (If there is a difference between data to data, users could adjust it by the unit uA at this page) works fine.
To get into to check if the 20mA export and interpretation function of the receiver works fine. (If there is a difference between data to data, users could adjust it by the unit uA at this page.)
To confirm if the interpretation function of the receiver works fine under simulation mode when testing different data. Simulation mode must be switched off when testing is finished. (Users can switch on the simulation mode by too, and adjust the simulated data by . Back to the main page while finishing data adjustment.)
Separating the Iout wiring from the system, then using the multimeter MA stalls to confirm if the current export works fine.
If the data is still abnormal when both the Iout export function and the equipment and program of receiver work fine, some other possible reason, like pipe size, or paddle wheel abnormal, should be checked further.
The current device may be damaged possibly. If users have another device for cross test, please make sure receiving equipment, data processing program, or wiring work fine.
Contact the original manufacturer with the serial number, wiring diagram (all related wiring of the flowmeter), and the model and brand of receiver.
Make sure if receiving equipment, data processing program, or wiring work fine.
Verify that the main unit is properly powered.
Confirm that the data displayed on the interface matches the communication data.
Ensure that the NPN function is enabled and correctly configured (Parameter E02). If E02 is set to Pulse v2, verify the NPN Pulse troubleshooting procedure.
Confirm the default NPN state is set to either 'Normally Closed (NC)' or 'Normally Open (NO)' (Parameter E01).
Verify that the parameters for Alarm A, B, and C are correctly configured according to operational requirements.
Check that all wiring is correctly installed, external power connections are stable, and all unused wires are properly insulated. Also ensure there is no magnetic interference in the surrounding area.
Using a multimeter in current mode, measure between NPN+ and the positive power terminal to check for current flow when C0 = 1. Alternatively, use voltage mode to measure the potential difference between NPN+ and NPN− when S0 = 1; the value should closely match the supply voltage. If no output is detected on first inspection, re-check the power supply circuit.
If the NPN output and the receiving equipment and programme are functioning correctly, but data anomalies persist, check for other possible causes (e.g., pipe diameter, flow rate).
The main unit may be damaged. If another unit is available, perform cross-testing to verify the receiver, data processing programme, and wiring are functioning normally.
Record the unit’s serial number, wiring diagram (all connections related to the flow meter), and the make and model of the receiving equipment, and contact the manufacturer.
Please verify whether there are any faults in the receiving equipment, data processing programme, or wiring.
The maximum possible measurement error for this flow meter is: ±0.5% of Full Scale (F.S.) + ±2.5% of Observed Reading (O.R.).
This means that the relationship between measured values and maximum possible error will vary depending on the flow velocity, as illustrated in the reference chart.
The flow velocity shown on this screen represents the fluid speed inside the tee section of the flow meter. In most cases, this value is slightly higher than the velocity in an equivalent straight pipe of the same diameter.
The totalised flow display will continue accumulating until it is manually reset. The maximum count for totalised flow is 999,999,999 litres.
Ensure RS485 functionality is enabled and that the ID and baud rate are correctly configured (Parameters E04, E05).
All unused wiring should be properly insulated; confirm there is no magnetic interference nearby.
Confirm RS485 commands are used correctly.
If only one flow meter is connected, check whether communication is functioning normally.
Verify that the RS485 wiring uses a daisy-chain (bus) topology, not a star configuration.
In multi-device setups, check whether differences in power or ground connections are causing ground loops or floating voltage levels.
Ensure wiring meets requirements for twisted pair, appropriate wire gauge, proper bus connection, and minimal stubs.
For longer cable runs, check whether termination resistors are installed at both ends.
In environments with significant electrical noise, verify if biasing resistors are used.
If multiple devices are on the bus, confirm that all devices use the same baud rate and have unique IDs.
Use an oscilloscope to check for excessive noise between RS485 + and – lines; noise levels over 200 mVpp are generally considered too high.
If RS485 output is functioning correctly and the receiving device and software are also operating normally, but data irregularities persist, check for other possible causes such as incorrect pipe size settings or paddlewheel malfunction.
The main unit may be damaged. If available, perform a cross-test with another unit to verify whether the issue lies with the receiver, data processing software, or wiring.
Record the device serial number, wiring diagram (including all flow meter-related connections), and the model/brand of the receiving equipment, and contact the manufacturer for further assistance.
If the wiring or environmental conditions cannot be improved, ensure that the software allows multiple retries for communication attempts.
Verify that the NPN output function is enabled and correctly defined (Parameter E02). If E02 is set to Paddlewheel Pulse or Pulse V2, confirm this matches the intended configuration.
Check the NPN default state: Normally Closed (NC) or Normally Open (NO) as defined by Parameter E01.
Ensure the wiring is correct, the external power supply is stable, all unused wires are insulated, and the environment is free of magnetic interference.
Access Parameter F03 to set the number of pulses per second for testing. At the receiving end, check whether the corresponding pulses are received and if the pulse count is accurate.
Confirm Parameter E03 (Pulse Width) is greater than or equal to the minimum pulse duration required by the receiving device.
Check that Parameter E14 (Pulse Unit) value and unit match the input requirements of the receiving program. Refer to the parameter table for detailed configuration.
Use Parameter F04 to test the receiving end. In the configuration screen:
Setting to open will disable conduction
Setting to conduct will enable conduction
Use a multimeter in current mode, connected between NPN+ and the power supply’s positive terminal, to check if current flows when C0 = 1. Alternatively, use the voltage mode to measure between NPN+ and NPN- and verify whether a voltage drop close to the power supply voltage appears when S0 = 1. If no proper output is observed on the first test, double-check the power circuit.
If the NPN output is functioning, and the receiving device and software are also operating correctly, but data remains abnormal, check for other potential causes such as incorrect pipe size or paddlewheel malfunction.
The main unit may be damaged. If another unit is available, conduct a cross-test to verify the receiver, data processing program, and wiring.
Record the serial number of the unit, wiring diagram (including all flow meter-related connections), and the model/brand of the receiving device, and contact the manufacturer for support.
Confirm whether the receiving device, processing software, or wiring may be at fault.
Alarm B: A user-defined condition has been met — operator attention is required.
Alarm C: The internal real-time clock battery requires replacement.
Amber (Orange): The unit is functioning normally, and the screen is currently displaying historical data or parameter configuration menus.
If the wiring during the above test is different from the actual operation, please re-test.
0
Maximum
100000
Activating this option enables the simulation function, which is disabled by default. When enabled, the NPN outputs (excluding pulse), RS485 communication, and analogue current output will operate based on the simulated data and changes in the totalised flow. Default Value 0.
Please note that the totalised flow and historical data will be affected.
The main screen will display an indication that the system is in simulation mode. Ensure the relevant communication functions are enabled for proper operation.
OFF
0
Default
ON
1
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Under this page, pulse signal will be outputted according to set frequency within value 0 to 1000. Please set up NC/NO of pulse according to parameter E01, and pulse width according to parameter E03. Default Value 10. It operates whether NPN info is turned on or not.
Default
10
Minimum
1
Maximum
1000
Default
60
Minimum
Water leakage due to insufficient compression or missing sealing
Sealing failure due to excessive compression.
Install device to the paddle base and rotate it clockwise to the end. With deterioration design, please watch the installation direction and do not force it.
Fix device with paddle base through the side of it: The screws for fixing the device with the paddle set are not leakproof. Please avoid excessive force when screwing in the device which may cause damage.
Rotate top housing to a desired viewing orientation.
Do not rotate the top housing too many times to prevent the cables from being damaged from unnecessary pulls.
In the bottom housing there is an O-ring with an inner groove for a thread hole . For it to work properly, please confirm there is no particle, fiber or any object that may break the sealing function before attaching the top and bottom housing.
Combine top with bottom housing.
Tighten four screws on top housing.
Too much torque may damage the device.
Finish.
The LCD screen has a 3-color backlit display. Definition of each color light as below:
Geen: Real-time data, device is working normally.
Red:
Blinking red light: Alarm A- Major error. Please see the “Alarm and Description of System Conditions” page for more details.
Continuous red light: Alarm B- Current status of the device meets the parameters set-up by the user so must pay attention to it. Alarm C- The calendar battery needs to be replaced.
Orange: Non real-time data display. Historical data query and set-up page display.
There are 4 buttons on the device, the definition of each button will be displayed at the upper row on the LCD screen. Generally, the leftmost button stands for “Exit” or “Back to last page”. The middle 2 buttons are for users to review page by page, modify data, or switch option. The rightmost button stands for “Set” or “Confirm”. Previously mentioned definitions are only for general use. For some other use scenarios, button definitions are modifiable for usability or error proof.
Besides other agreements, our standard package contains:
FP-AS310 Device * 1
2m 6pin cable * 1
Quick starting manuel * 1
Screws to connect the device and paddle set (Locking screws with your convenient side is suggested. It is unnecessary locking screws both sides)
Paddle set and T-connector can be purchased separately出貨內容
Parts
Material
Screws for top side housing
Stainless steel 304
Screen cover
PMMA
Whole housing without screen cover
PC+GF
Buttons
PET
2 meters long 6 pin cable with insulation cover
Power supply
Working specification
24V 100mA (4-20mA and RS485 current are not included.)
Reverse voltage protection
Yes
Overcurrent protection
200mA
NPN output
NPN output
Power supply spec
24V
Reverse voltage protection
Yes
PNP connection
No
Maximum output frequency
700Hz
Overcurrent protection
200mA
Analog output (4-20mA)
Wiring
2 wiring
Power supply
Device is self-powered, no external power supply required.
Maximum output range
4-20mA
Response time
the same as screen data.
Loop Resistance
600 ohm @ 24V
Digital communication Modbus RTU RS485
Baud
9600, 19200, 38400
Wiring
2 wiring
Nodes on the bus
256
Page number
Page Name
LCD backlight
Content of first low
Content of second low
Content of third low
Monitoring Page No.1
FLOW RATE
Green means normal condition.
Red means abnormal.
Page name and unit
10-digit flow speed data
Function of each button+ simulation mode prompt.
Monitoring Page No.2
TOTAL
Green means normal condition.
Red means abnormal.
Monitoring screen No. 4 is mainly for checking the status of the device, if upper and lower limit alarm functions work as expected, or for troubleshooting there will be a red light. Please see “Description of status and Alarm” for a detailed definition.
Paddle material
PVDF or PPH with embedded magnet + ceramic bearing and shaft
T-connector material
UPVC / PPH / PVDF (Made to order)/ 316L Stainless Steel*
Power supply
DC 24V +/- 10% 100mA
Response time
< 0.5 or 1 second
Waterproof level
IP66 **
Measuring principle
Paddle Wheel
Flow velocity range
± 0.3~10 m/s
Transient data
Instantaneous flow volume and flow velocity
Cumulative data
Positive and negative net flow volume accumulation, past 14 days and long time accumulative net flow volume.
Wired communication
FP-AS310A Analog output 4-20mA / NPN optical coupler switch signal
FP-AS310R Modbus RTU RS485 Two-line
(ship with 2 meter cable)
Connect the cable inside the box to the power supply and communication system. The unused color cables should be covered or protected to avoid electric leakage or short circuit.
Before removing the top housing of the device and wiring, the device should be powered off and the 6Pin quick connector cable should be removed.
Due to space constraints, the sticker on the side of the device and subsequent illustrations only use cable contact definitions.
Please see below images to know where each cable is connected.
This function will only work with power supplies through the brown and blue lines. The following diagram is not showing power supply wiring for readability.
This function will only work with power supplies through the brown and blue lines. The following diagram is not showing power supply wiring for readability.
This function will only work with power supplies through the brown and blue lines. The following diagram is not showing power supply wiring for readability.
It is generally recommended to use a 24awg twisted pair cable with grounded shielding. The RS485 network must be designed as one line with multiple drops, not as a star or ring topology.
Due to space constraints, the sticker on the side of the device only use cable contact definitions.
The number of the device contact and the cable contact is mirrored and symmetrical.
Please see below device contact number:
Select the tee model to use the correct calibration data. The minimum is 0, the default value is 1.
Default
1
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not.
The flow rate proportionally, preset value 1.
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not.
Reduce data fluctuations to a minimum of 0, with a default value of 3.
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not.
The direction of the flow can be reversed, with normal flow direction "0" preset.
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not.
L (Liter)
Default
m³
US Gallon
ft³
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Time unit: minutes, hours . Default is minutes.
Minute
Default
Hour
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
The unit for cumulative and historical volume measurements, default is L.
Metric units: L (litres), m³ (cubic metres)
Imperial units: U.gal (US Gallon), I.gal (Imperial Gallon), ft³ (cubic feet)
L (Liter)
Default
m³
US Gallon
ft³
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Specifies the number of decimal places displayed on the LCD screen. Data is truncated without rounding.
Maximum of 4 decimal places, default is 4.
This parameter affects display only, not calculations; cumulative flow uses original data.
Default
1
Minimum
0
Maximum
2
After selecting the command, please confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Minimum
0
Maximum
12
Default
1
Minimum
0.001
Maximum
1000
Default
3
Minimum
0
Maximum
600
Normal
0
Default
Inverse
1
Union nuts of 2 meters long 6 pin cable
Oring of 2 meters long 6 pin cable
Sealing ring for top housing
M12 6 pin
Page name and unit
10-digit flow speed data
Function of each button+ simulation mode prompt.
Monitoring Page No.3
Status Page
Green means normal condition.
Red means abnormal.
Alarm A
Alarm B
System Status
Monitoring Page No.4
FLOWRATE-large font
Green means normal condition.
Red means abnormal.
10-digit flow speed data
Page name and unit
Monitoring Page No.5
TOTAL-large font
Green means normal condition.
Red means abnormal.
10-digit flow speed data
Page name, cumulative method and unit
Monitoring Page No.6
Hybrid
Green means normal condition.
Red means abnormal.
10-digit flow speed data
Date + time
Function of each button
NPN output (+)
5
Purple
4~20mA (+)
6
Blue
0 VDC (-)
Shielding net
White heat-shrinkable sleeve
(optional) Shielding net, please connect to ground.
When the connection is long, please use the terminating resistance on both ends of network, master and farest device. It is generally recommended to use 120Ω terminating resistor. For the actual value, please refer to the wire specifications.
If the signal is unstable, please apply biasing circuit at one point on the line.
The 8-core cable shipped with device, if used in RS485 communication, please trim the length, try to use a short wire to reduce noise interference. Connect the shielding net to the main communication wire shielding and then ground it.
Where there is a lot of signal interference, the software may need to do multiple inquiries to get a valid response.
Number
Color
Function
1
Brown
24 VDC (+)
2
Black
RS485 (B-)
3
Green
RS485 (A+)
4
Orange
Please see the page of mechanical and electrical installation.
Please refer to parameter set-up page.
Set-up steps as below:
Please set up the basic parameters first.
Connect cable according to the cable wiring instructions on this page.
This machine uses Modbus RTU protocol, communication parameter set-up as below.：
Set E04 for Modbus ID , and please make sure there is no other device using the same address.
Set E05 for specifying communication Baud, this machine supports 9600, 19200, 38400.
Please go back to the monitoring screen. RS485 only responses on monitoring screens.
If needed, please use F01 and F02 to set up the machine to do communication test under simulation mode.
Please refer to the for testing the memory with read and write instruction.
Turn off F02 simulation mode.
Finish.
This setting provides 4 options.
N.8.1
No parity bit with 1 stop bit
N.8.2
No parity bit with 2 stop bits
O.8.1
Odd parity bit with 1 stop bit.
E.8.1
Even parity bit with 1 stop bit
ST stands for start bit, D0 ~ D7 are data bits, SP stands for stop bit.
OP and EP stands for Odd-parity and Even-parity respectively
This option controls the direction of the transfer and selects LSB or MSB first.
LSB first is typically used for Modbus RTU.
The figure below presents the difference with N-8-1 mode.
This setting controls the byte order of multi-byte data. This setting solely interacts with the byte order of replied data. The byte format of register address and length in the commands still conform to the examples provided by manual. The figure below presents the byte order for when converting number 1000 in IEEE-754 format.
The command below requests instantaneous flow speed (abbreviated to FS) and totalized flow rate ( abbreviated to TF) from the device.
According to the Modbus protocol, the address and length of registers both consist of two bytes. And as the figure above shows, this option does not affect the byte order of the command. It only changes the order of replied data.
Unless otherwise agreed in the order, the standard shipment includes the following components:
Tee fitting × 1
For the Union type, the shipment also includes:
Union nuts for tee fitting × 2
Union end connectors × 2
Union O-rings × 2
The tee fitting is typically shipped together with the paddlewheel assembly.
Please refer to the Main Unit page for detailed specifications. monitoring screen.
Refer to the Electrical Installation page for wiring instructions.
Ensure all basic parameters are properly configured.
Connect the wiring according to the instructions on this .
Set Parameter E01 to define the output logic :
Normally Closed (NC)
If selecting "Pulse Output":
Use E03 to define the pulse width (duration of each pulse).
Use F03 to activate the pulse simulation function and verify that the receiving device correctly detects the pulse count.
If selecting "Pulse v2":
Use E03 to define the pulse width.
Use E14 to define the volume represented by each pulse.
Use F03 for pulse simulation, and confirm the signal is correctly received by the downstream system.
If selecting "Flow Out-of-Range Notification":
Use D04 to enable the alarm.
Use D05 and D06 to set the acceptable flow range.
Use D07 to set hysteresis control — a positive value will reduce the likelihood of repeated alerts by adding a delay buffer.
If selecting "Cumulative Flow Exceeded Notification":
Use D08 to enable the alert.
Use D09 to define the trigger condition:
“Greater than” for positive flow
Return to the main screen. Setup complete.
The pulse output function provides a direct count of paddlewheel rotations. One pulse is generated for every 180 degrees of paddlewheel rotation.
At a flow velocity of 10 m/s, the maximum output frequency will not exceed 300 Hz.
As this output does not utilise LORRIC’s internal data processing algorithms, it is recommended for use in applications where high precision is not required.
To calculate totalised flow over a given period, simply divide the number of received pulses by the scale factor corresponding to the pipe size. Please refer to the following reference data for scale values.
Pulse V2 is a proprietary feature developed by LORRIC, based on its patented AxleSense technology.
This advanced algorithm allows users to define a fixed volume per pulse, and the system will generate one pulse each time the specified volume passes through the meter.
In addition, the system intelligently compensates for low-flow discrepancies, further reducing pulse output error.
Compared to traditional pulse output — which simply emits a pulse each time the paddlewheel blade passes the sensor — Pulse V2 offers two key advantages:
Easier configuration for users, as volume-based pulses are more intuitive when setting up controllers.
Improved accuracy at low flow rates, due to built-in compensation logic.
這個範例會改變A01的管徑選項
slave address: 01(本流量計地址)
function code: 06(單一Register寫入指令)
讀取數據的啟始地址: 0000(要寫入記憶體地址)
寫入資料: 0000 (1" PVC管)
CRC: C40B (依 CRC 算法計算出的糾錯碼)
寫入指令符合格式，會將收到的控制端指令回傳給 Master
slave address: 01(本流量計地址)
function code: 06(單一Register寫入指令)
讀取數據的啟始地址: 0000(要寫入記憶體地址)
寫入資料: 0000 (1" PVC管)
CRC: C40B (依 CRC 算法計算出的糾錯碼)
Normally Open (NO): Open circuit when inactive
Set Parameter E02 to define the NPN output signal type.
Turn off simulation once confirmed.
Use D10 to define the target cumulative volume:
Positive values for positive flow direction
Negative values for reverse flow direction
Use F01 and F02 to simulate, and return to the main screen to verify alarm operation.
Turn off simulation after verification.
1"
FP-P025
53.33
201.89
242.46
1-1/4"
FP-P032
24.44
92.51
111.11
1-1/2"
FP-P040
17.02
64.43
77.38
2"
FP-P050
9.86
37.31
44.81
2-1/2"
FP-P065
5.42
20.52
24.64
Pipe diameter
Model
Metric ratio (pulses per litre)
US Gallon (pulses per US gal)
UK Gallon (pulses per UK gal)
1/2"
FP-P016
106.55
403.33
484.38
3/4"
FP-P020
67.23
254.48
305.62
寫入資料
CRC
CRC
範例內容01~FF
01
06
00
00
00
01
48
0A
寫入資料
CRC
CRC
範例內容01~FF
01
06
00
00
00
01
48
0A
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
寫入的記憶體地址
寫入的記憶體地址
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
寫入的記憶體地址
寫入的記憶體地址
寫入資料
寫入資料
46.2
115.7
86.2
¾"
168
100
32.6
41.9
60
50.5
115.7
85.7
1"
168
100
40.6
50
60
60
115.7
85.7
1¼"
210
114
50.2
59.6
65
75.6
127
89.2
1½"
218
120
56
65.7
70
83
134
92.5
2"
269.5
133.3
72
81
81
99.7
148.8
99
Parts
Material
T-connector
UPVC, PPH or PVDF (for order made)
Nuts
UPVC, PPH or PVDF (for order made)
Union adapter
UPVC, PPH or PVDF (for order made)
Paddle set screws
Stainless steel 304
O-ring
EPDM、VITON、FEPM (for order made)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
½"
164
100
27.6
36
A
B
C
D
E
F
2½"
160
70
76
92
106.5
152.5
I
J
63
63
62.3
Adjusts the brightness of the LCD display. Three levels are available: High, Medium, and Low. The default setting is Medium.
Low
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Defines the duration for which the green LCD backlight remains active. Options: 10 seconds, 60 seconds, or Always On. The default setting is Always On.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Selects the display language. Currently available options: English, Traditional Chinese.
The default language is English.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Press "Start" to initialize the paddle. User needs to rotate the paddle at least 20 rounds until the screen shows "Init. Succeed". If screens shows "Init. Failed", please try again. If the problem persists, please replace your paddle.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Clears all custom settings and restores factory default values.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Enables the password protection feature to restrict unauthorised access to the settings page. The password can be configured via H08.
The default setting is Disabled.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Allows modification of the four-digit password to prevent unauthorised access to the settings page. Password protection must be activated in H07.
The default password is 4321 (for older firmware, the default password is 0000).
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
This mode is intended for manufacturer use only. Do not modify any settings. The item cannot be modified via RS485.
Displays essential system information, including firmware version and hardware details. The item cannot be modified via RS485.
Defines the default display shown on the startup screen. The default setting is Instantaneous Flow Rate.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Alarm - A , Alarm of paddle wheel error. Default on, but can be turned off.
On
1
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Alarm - B, Alarm when instantaneous flow is out of range. Default on, but can be turned off.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Define D04 upper limit of normal flow range.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Define D04 lower limit of normal flow range.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
For setting the hysteresis range of turning off alarm. The Percentage is the proportion of the range between upper and lower limit.
The range is 0-33%, default 3%. This parameter needs to be positive value.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Alarm - B, Alarm when cumulative flow is out of range. Default on, but can be turned off.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Set-up the target cumulative value alarm condition. Option "greater than" target or "less than" target . Default "greater than" target.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Set up alarm target value of cumulative flow speed.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Alarm B, Alarm for Pulse Output signal overlaps caused by too long pulse width time parameter E03. Default on, but can be turned off. (Applicable to FP-AS310A)
Set Iout status alarm mode. The options are ''on'', ''off'' and ''do not disturb.''
The default setting is ''do not disturb''. It means that when an abnormality occurs, the color and LCD displayed on the screen will not change. The number can still be displayed in the communication part, and the bit will show an abnormality on the status page.(Applicable to FP-AS310A)
Do Not Disturb
2
Default
Off
0
Default
On
1
Do Not Disturb
2
Default
100
Minimum
0
Maximum
100000
Default
0
Minimum
0
Maximum
99999
Default
3
Minimum
0
Maximum
10
Off
0
Default
On
1
Do Not Disturb
2
Higher than target
0
Default
Lower than target
1
Default
100
Minimum
0
Maximum
999,999,999
On
1
Default
Do Not Disturb
2
On
1
Do Not Disturb
2
Default
Flowrate<L>
4
Total
5
0
Mid
1
Default
High
2
60s
0
Always On
1
Default
10s
2
Traditional Chinese
0
English
1
Default
No
0
Yes
1
No
0
Yes
1
Off
0
Default
On
1
Data Type
int
Default Password
4321
Minimum
0000
Maximum
9999
Flowrate
0
Default
Hybird
1
Status Page
2
Total <L>
3
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
讀取數據的啟始地址
讀取數據的啟始地址
這個範例會讀取A01的管徑選項及A02 Scale Factor
slave address: 01(本流量計地址)
function code: 03(讀取指令)
讀取數據的啟始地址: 0000(要讀取的數據的啟始地址)
讀取registers 總數: 0003 (需要從 0000 開始讀三個 register 的記憶體)
CRC: 05 CB (依 CRC 算法計算出的糾錯碼)
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Node ID
Slave Address
slave address: 01(本流量計地址)
function code: 03(讀取指令)
回覆的Byte數: 06(3個register=6byte)
Data Byte:
00 00(目前管徑是1inch PVC)
3F 80 00 00(目前的Scale Factor 是 1.0)
CRC: 2C 89 (依 CRC 算法計算出的糾錯碼)
Purpose and Use Cases: Certain Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs) only support the 05 Write Command to send a signal to reset the accumulated total. Additionally, some HMIs require support for the 01 Read Command to verify that the sensor is functioning correctly.
This command does not reset the C02.Del.Total (Clear Accumulated Total) option. It only provides the HMI with the ability to read Single Bit data using the 01/05 commands. If the command format is correct, the flow meter will respond to the master device with a Bit read acknowledgment.
Slave Address: 01 (Address of the flow meter)
Function Code: 01 (1-bit Read Command)
Starting Address of Data to Read: 02 01 (Start address for C02.Del.Total Clear Accumulated Total)
Slave Address: 01 (Address of the flow meter)
CommentShare feedback on the editorFunction Code: 01 (Read Command)
CommentShare feedback on the editorResponse Bit: 01 00 (The flow meter is still online and operational, responding to the control terminal)
This example activates the C02.Del.Total option to clear accumulated data, resetting the total to zero.
Slave Address: 01 (Address of the flow meter)
Function Code: 05 (Register Write Command)
Starting Address of Data to Write: 02 01 (Start address for C02.Del.Total Clear Accumulated Total)
Slave Address: 01 (Address of the flow meter)
Function Code: 05 (Register Write Command)
Starting Address of Data to Write: 02 01 (Memory address for C02.Del.Total Clear Accumulated Total)
Message or Symptom
Possible Cause
Solution
Error of paddle wheel
Paddle damaged by foreign objects or external force
CommentShare feedback on the editorMagnet demagnetization caused by the environment.
Stop the system operation.
Drain any residual liquid from the pipeline.
Remove the main unit from the installation.
讀取registers 總數
讀取registers 總數
CRC
CRC
範例內容01~FF
01
03
00
00
00
03
05
CB
Function Code
回覆的Byte數
Data Byte #1
Data Byte
#2
Data Byte
#3
Data Byte
#4
Data Byte #5
Data Byte
#6
CRC
CRC
範例內容01~FF
01
03
06
00
00
3F
80
00
00
2C
89
If the paddlewheel is missing or damaged, please contact your sales representative to purchase a replacement paddlewheel assembly.
If the paddlewheel appears intact, the issue may be due to demagnetisation caused by environmental factors. In this case, use the H05 function to recalibrate the paddlewheel.
If the H05 function returns “Initialisation Error”, the paddlewheel is no longer functional and must be replaced.
Identify and eliminate the root cause of the paddlewheel failure (e.g. foreign matter, magnetic interference, or excessive wear).
After installing a new paddlewheel assembly, use the H05 function in the settings menu to initialise the new paddlewheel.
Magnetic field interruption
There is magnetic field interruption around the flowmeter.
Please remove any equipment near the paddlewheel that may generate magnetic fields until the paddlewheel operation returns to normal.
If the source of interference cannot be eliminated, and flow data is confirmed to be accurate, you may proceed to disable the related alarm notification.
Analogue Current Signal Not Outputting
Abnormal wiring
Please make sure that the 4-20mA loop provides power supply as well as the polarity of cable connection is correct or not.
The function is not turned on
Please go to parameter E06 to turn on the function.
Abnormal Analogue Current Output
Outputted value needs to be fine tuned.
Please adjust output current value by set-up parameter E11 and E12.
Excessive Line and measuring impedance
Please verify whether the impedance of the wiring or the input resistance of the controller's receiving end exceeds the allowable limit for proper operation. If necessary, consider replacing the component with one that meets specification.
You may also increase the external supply voltage, as a higher supply voltage can raise the maximum allowable total line resistance.
Wrong set-up outputted parameter
Please confirm the correction of set-up parameter E06 E07 E08 E09 E11 E12 E13
RS485 Unable to receive response.
Communication Parameter Configuration Error
Please confirm the correction of set-up parameter E04 E05
Address conflict
Please confirm that there is only one piece of equipment at a specified address
RS485 signal is unstable
Poor wiring
Please refer to the wiring instrucions to confirm the wiring is correct
Other abnormalities
Please use Parameter H06 to restore factory default settings.
Then, use Parameter H05 to reinitialise the paddlewheel.
Phenomenas
Possible Cause
Solution
Flow volume is repeated as zero
Unable to keep rotating paddle wheel caused by too slow flow speed
Please use the main screen to verify the current flow velocity. If the velocity is below 0.3 m/s and the reading frequently returns to zero, there are two recommended solutions:
If possible, slightly increase the flow velocity to bring it above the minimum measurable threshold.
If increasing flow is not feasible, enable Parameter A08.
This function will reduce measurement responsiveness, but it will also minimise occurrences of zero readings at low flow rates.
Foreign objects will cause Intermittent deceleration
Stop system operation.
Drain any remaining liquid from the pipeline.
Remove the main unit from the system.
Detach the paddlewheel assembly to inspect its condition, and remove any foreign objects if present.
If the paddlewheel is missing or damaged, please contact your sales representative to purchase a replacement paddlewheel assembly.
Identify and eliminate the root cause of the paddlewheel malfunction to prevent recurrence.
Intermittent shutdown problem
Unstable power supply
Please confirm supply voltage and current is within the range. wiring instrucions
CRC
Example 01~FF
01
01
02
01
00
01
AD
B2
Data to Read (Bits): 00 01 (Read C02.Del.Total data)
CRC: AD B2 (Error-checking code calculated using the CRC algorithm)
01
00
51
88
CommentShare feedback on the editorCRC: 51 88 (Error-checking code calculated using the CRC algorithm)
CRC
Example 01~FF
01
05
02
01
FF
00
DC
42
Data to Write: FF 00 (Reset C02.Del.Total data)
CRC: DC 42 (Error-checking code calculated using the CRC algorithm)
CRC
Example 01~FF
01
05
02
01
FF
00
DC
42
Data Written: FF 00 (Acknowledgment of reset action sent back to the control terminal)
CRC: DC 42 (Error-checking code calculated using the CRC algorithm)
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
Starting Address of Data to Read
Starting Address of Data to Read
Data to Read (Bits)
Data to Read (Bits)
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
Response Bit
Response Bit
CRC
CRC
Example 01~FF
01
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
Starting Address of Data to Write
Starting Address of Data to Write
Data to Write
Data to Write
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
Starting Address of Data to Write
Starting Address of Data to Write
Data to Write
Data to Write
CRC
01
CRC
CRC
CommentShare feedback on the editorFormat of command (04) from masterCommentShare feedback on the editor
The example will read instantaneous flow volume.
slave address: 01(address of this flowmeter)
function code: 04(read instruction)
Address of first reading register: 0000(Address of first register to read)
Quantity of registers to be read: 0002 (need to read 2 registers from 0000)
CRC: 71 CB(Calculating error correcting code according to CRC algorithm)
CommentShare feedback on the editor
slave address: 01(address of this flowmeter)
function code: 04(read instruction)
Amount of response Byte: 04 (2 register=4 byte)
Data Byte: 00 00 00 00(Assume the instantaneous flow volume is 0)
CRC: FB 84(Calculating error correcting code according to CRC algorithm)
How to use these charts
Register 位置
記憶體內容
資料型式
0001
scale factor
float 32
這個範例會改變 A02 Scale Factor 數值變成 2.50
slave address: 01(本流量計地址)
function code: 30(雙Register寫入指令)
讀取數據的啟始地址: 0001(要寫入記憶體地址)
寫入資料: 40 20 00 00(改變 A02 Scale Factor 數值變成 2.50)
CRC: 98 0E(依 CRC 算法計算出的糾錯碼)
寫入指令符合格式，會將收到的控制端指令回傳給 Master
slave address: 01(本流量計地址)
function code: 30(雙Register寫入指令)
讀取數據的啟始地址: 0001(要寫入記憶體地址)
寫入資料: 40 20 00 00(改變 A02 Scale Factor 數值變成 2.50)
CRC: 98 0E(依 CRC 算法計算出的糾錯碼)
Example 01~FF
01
04
00
00
00
02
71
CB
Data Byte#4
CRC
CRC
Example01~FF
01
04
04
00
00
00
00
FB
84
float
Flowrate*100
0x00 0x06
2
4
float
Total*100
0x00 0x0A
2
4
float
error code a
0x00 0x0E
1
2
int
error code b
0x00 0x0F
1
2
int
error code c
0x00 0x10
1
2
int
error code d
0x00 0x11
1
2
int
System Status
0x00 0x12
1
2
int
Total(64)
0x00 0x13
4
8
longlong
Dosing(float)
0x00 0x17
2
4
float
Dosing100(32)
0x00 0x19
2
4
float
Dosing(64)
0x00 0x1B
4
8
longlong
M
0x00 0x53
1
2
int
m
0x00 0x54
1
2
int
flow*100_2
0x00 0x55
2
4
float
na
0x00 0x57
2
4
total*100_2
0x00 0x59
2
4
float
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
Address of first reading register
Address of first reading register
Quantity of registers to be read
Quantity of registers to be read
CRC
CRC
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
Amount of response Byte
Data Byte #1
Data Byte#2
Read-write memory type
Function
Memory content
Describe the memory content function.
Register location
Read-write memory locations are not shared with read-only memory.
Register length
The length of variable memory. The unit is Register(2Byte).
Bits
Data type
The format of sending and receiving data type.
Remarks
Flowrate
0x00 0x00
2
4
float
Total
0x00 0x04
2
Data Byte#3
4
寫入的記憶體地址
寫入資料
寫入資料
寫入資料
寫入資料
CRC
CRC
範例內容01~FF
01
30
00
01
40
20
00
00
98
0E
寫入的記憶體地址
寫入資料
寫入資料
寫入資料
寫入資料
CRC
CRC
範例內容01~FF
01
30
00
01
40
20
00
00
98
0E
0304
upper limit
float 32
0306
lower limit
float 32
030B
Total Target
float 32
0406
0mA/4mA Value
float 32
0408
20mA Value
float 32
040B
0mA/4mA Adjust
float 32
040D
20mA Adjust
float 32
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
Byte#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Node ID
Slave Address
Function Code
寫入的記憶體地址
寫入的記憶體地址
Under normal conditions(when the oct condition does not meet). NPN should be closely (connected) or open (disconnected). The default is open. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.。
There are options below are options to define NPN output: OFF, Alarm A, Alarm A+B, Alarm A+B+C, flow volume alarm(adjusted by D04 D05 D06), cumulation alarm(adjusted by D08 D09 D10), paddle wheel PulseV2 output( adjusted by E03, please refer to the OCT output for instructions).
Default OFF (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Defines the pulse width when E02 is set to PulseV2. Selectable values: 1ms, 10ms, 50ms, 100ms。 Default: 1 ms. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Configures the transmission protocol for Modbus ID. Default: 1.(Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
Defines the Modbus communication baud rate. Options: 9600, 19200, 38400.
Default: Disabled. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
The baud rate cannot be modified via RS485.
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Defines the data output via analogue signal. Options: Off, Flow, Velocity, or Cumulative Flow. The unit corresponds to settings in the B category. Default: Off. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
Sets the value corresponding to 4mA. Positive and negative values are accepted, but this value must be less than the 20mA Value. Default: 0 (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
Sets the value corresponding to 20 mA. Positive and negative values are accepted, but this value must be greater than the 4mA Value. Default: 100. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
Allows fine-tuning of the 4mA output value, in units of microamps (uA). Adjustments immediately affect output current for real-time verification. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
Positive values increase the output. Negative values decrease the output.
Allows fine-tuning of the 20 mA output value, in units of microamps (uA). Adjustments immediately affect output current for real-time verification. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
Positive values increase the output. Negative values decrease the output.
Define how much flow volume to output a pulse, the unit is determined by B01.
Default 0.001 ms. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
This parameter cannot be modified via RS485. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)0R)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
This parameter cannot be modified via RS485. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
After selecting a command, confirm whether to Save or Not Save.
0.007 unit
4
0.01 unit
5
0.02 unit
6
0.03 unit
7
0.05 unit
8
0.07 unit
9
0.1 unit
10
0.2 unit
11
0.3 unit
12
0.5 unit
13
0.7 unit
14
1 unit
15
Normal Close
0
Default
Normal Open
1
Alarm b
1
Pulse 2.0
5
Off
6
Default
1 ms
1
Default
10 ms
2
50 ms
3
100 ms
4
Data Type
Int
Default
1
Minimum
1
Maximum
255
9600
0
19200
1
38400
2
OFF
4
Flowrate
0
OFF
3
Default
Default
0
Minimum
-100000
Maximum
100000
Default
100
Minimum
-100000
Maximum
100000
Default
0
Minimum
-2000
Maximum
2000
Default
0
Minimum
-2000
Maximum
2000
0.001 unit
0
Default
0.002 unit
1
0.003 unit
2
0.005 unit
3
N81
Default
N81
O81
E81
LSB first
Default
MSB first
Big Endian
0
Default
Little Endian
1
Mid Big Endian
2
Mid Little Endian
3
Default
The system classifies this alarm according to the “Failed” severity level as defined in the NAMUR NE107 standard.
This alarm is triggered under the following fault conditions:
Paddlewheel malfunction
Magnetic field interference
Internal chip or sensor error
When Alarm - A is active, the LCD backlight flashes red to indicate a critical system failure.
This alarm indicates that the flow meter is operating outside of its designed specification range. The severity level is recommended to follow the “Out of Specification” category as defined in the NAMUR NE107 standard.
This alarm is typically used to signal:
Flow exceeding user-defined thresholds
Other notable operating conditions that require attention
The thresholds and logic can be configured in the D-series parameters.
When Alarm - B is active, the LCD backlight turns solid red, indicating a non-critical but attention-required condition.
This alarm indicates that the flow meter requires maintenance. The recommended severity level follows the “Maintenance Required” classification as defined in the NAMUR NE107 standard.
When Alarm - C is active, the LCD backlight remains solid red, alerting the user to perform preventive or corrective maintenance.
This alarm indicates that the device is currently undergoing configuration, simulation, or other manual intervention and is not actively monitoring in real time.
The recommended severity level follows the “Function Check” category as defined in the NAMUR NE107 standard.
When this condition is active, bit 1 of the alarm register is set to 1, indicating the system is not in monitoring mode due to user interaction.
During this state, the LCD backlight will remain solid amber (orange) to indicate the flow meter is in a non-operational configuration mode.
The system status is represented as an 0~7 bit status code, with each bit indicating a specific operating condition or state of the device.
4
NA
3
NA
2
NA
1
NA
0
Paddle wheel abnormality
D01
4
NA
3
NA
2
pulse over lap
D13
1
Instantaneous Flow Rate Exceeds Upper Limit
D04
0
Instantaneous Flow Rate Exceeds Low Limit
D04
4
NA
3
NA
2
NA
1
Iout(0/4-20mA) impedance is too large or there is no connection
0
NA
4
NA
3
NA
2
NA
1
NA
0
The host is not on the monitoring screen
4
NA
3
NA
2
NA
1
NA
0
NPN On State
NPN status: Close = 1, Open = 0 Not including Paddle Pulse status
Alarm bit
Error Content
Alarm Code
Alarm trigger
7
NA
6
NA
5
NA
Alarm bit
Error Content
Alarm Code
Alarm trigger
7
Totalised Flow Exceeds or Falls Below Target Threshold
D08,D09,D10
When the cumulative condition (D09 parameter) is set to be greater than the cumulative target (D10 parameter) → Alarm is triggered, When the cumulative condition (D09 parameter) is set to be less than the cumulative target (D10 parameter) → Alarm is triggered, D08 is the cumulative alarm, D09 is the cumulative condition, and D10 is the cumulative target
6
Data Exceeds Upper Limit of Analogue Output Current Range
D11
5
Data Exceeds Low Limit of Analogue Output Current Range
D11
Alarm bit
Error Content
Alarm Code
Alarm trigger
7
NA
6
NA
5
NA
Alarm bit
Error Content
Alarm Code
Alarm trigger
7
NA
6
NA
5
NA
Alarm bit
Error Content
Alarm Code
Alarm trigger
7
NA
6
NA
5
NA
Unit
B group is about unit
C
Total & History
C group is about accumulated and history record
D
Alarm & Info(Alarm & Information)
D group is about alarm and notification.
E
Commute
E group adjust NPN 4-20mA and RS485
F
Simulate
F group is about simulation mode for communication and alarm testing.
H
System
H group is for system parameters, like brightness and reset.
Serial number
Name
Function
A01
Pipe Type
Choose correct pipe type to get correct result.
A02
Scales Factor
Fine tune flow volume in proportion, default value is 1.0.
A04
Damping
Decrease the fluctuation of data, the lowest is 0, default value is 3 seconds.
A05
Direction
Option to exchange flow direction, default normal.
Serial number
Name
Function
B01
Vol. Unit(Volume Unit)
Unit of instantaneous flow speed,
default litre. Metric: L, m3Imperial: U.gal (US Gallon)
B02
Time Unit
Unit of flow time seconds, minutes, hours.
Default minutes.
B03
Total Unit(Total Volume Unit)
Unit of cumulative and history flow volume, default litre.Metric: L, m3Imperial: U.gal (US Gallon)
B05
Decimal Places
For setting digits displayed after the decimal point on LCDby using round down method. The maximum number of digits is 4 digits.The default display shows 4 digits after the decimal. Cumulative flow volume still calculated by using original value.
Serial number
Name
Function
C02
Del. Total(Delete Total)
Set cumulative flow volume to 0. First select "Yes" then save.
Serial number
Name
Function
D01
Paddle Ala.(Paddle Alarm)
Alarm - A of paddle wheel error. Default on, but can be turned off.
D04
FlowLIM Ala (Flow Volume Limit Alarm)
Alarm - B when instantaneous flow is out of range. Default on, but can be turned off.
D05
Up LIM(Upper Limit)
Define D04 upper limit of normal flow range.
D06
Low LIM(Lower Limit)
Define D04 lower limit of normal flow range.
Serial number
Name
Function
E01
NC/NO
Under normal conditions(when the oct condition does not meet). NPN should be closed(connected) or open (disconnected). The default is open.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E02
OCT Info
There are options below are options to define NPN output, default OFF:OFF,Alarm A,Alarm A+B,Alarm A+B+C,flow volume alarm(adjusted by D04 D05 D06),cumulation alarm(adjusted by D08 D09 D10),paddle wheel pulse output( adjusted by E03, please refer to the for instructions).PulseV2( adjusted by E03 and E14, please refer to the for instructions). (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E03
Pulse Width
If paddlewheel pulse is selected in E02, you set the pulse width to 0.5 ms (millisecond), 1ms, or 10ms. The default is 0.5ms. Every 180° paddlewheel rotation will output a pulse. Please refer to the for flow volume calculation.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E04
Modbus ID
Set up Modbus ID location, default 1.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
Serial number
Name
Function
F01
Sim. Volume (Simulation Volume)
Set up simulate value of instantaneous flow speed, the unit will be the one set in parameter group B.
F02
Sim. Mode (Simulation Mode)
Simulation function will be activated after selecting “ on ”, default off. NPN(besides pulse), RS485 and Analog current output will be operated according to the changes of simulated data and cumulative flow.Please be noted that cumulative flow and history data will be affected.Simulate mode will be reminded on the screen.The corresponding communication function will work normally only after being turned on.
F03
Sim. PulseHz (Simulation PulseHz)
Under this page, pulse signal will be outputted according to set frequency within value 0 to 700. Please set up NC/NO of pulse according to parameter E01, and pulse width according to parameter E03. It operates whether NPN info is turned on or not.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A))
Serial number
Name
Function
H02
LCD Bri.(LCD Brightness)
Set up brightness of LCD with 3 levels, default middle level.
H03
Green Light
Set up time of LCD green lighting with 3 durations, 10s, 60s, and always on.
H04
Language
Set up language. There are 2 languages:English, Traditional Chinese, default off.
H05
Paddle Init.(Paddle Initialization)
Press "Start" to initialize the paddle. User needs to rotate the paddle at least 20 rounds until the screen shows "Init. Succeed". If screens shows "Init. Failed", please try again. If the problem persists, please replace your paddle.
Serial number
Name
Function
A
Measure
A group is about flow volume measurement
B
D07
Hysteresis% (Hysteresis Percentage)
For setting the hysteresis range of turning off alarm.The Percentage is the proportion of the range between upper and lower limit.The range is 0-33%, default 3%.This parameter needs to be positive value.
D08
Total Ala.(Total Alarm)
Alarm - B when cumulative flow is out of range. Default on, but can be turned off.
D09
Total Trig.(Total Alarm Trigger Condition)
Set-up the target cumulative value alarm condition. Option "greater than" target or "less than" target . Default "greater than" target.
D10
Total Target
Set up alarm target value of cumulative flow speed.
D13
PulseOverlap
Alarm B for Pulse Output signal overlaps caused by too long pulse width time parameter E03. Default on, but can be turned off.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
D14
IoutStatAla(Iout Status Alarm)
Set Iout status alarm mode. The options are ''on'', ''off'' and ''do not disturb.'' The default setting is ''do not disturb''. It means that when an abnormality occurs, the color displayed on the screen will not change. The number can still be displayed in the communication part, and the bit will show an abnormality on the status page.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E05
Baud
You can set-up Modbus communication baud rate at turnning off, 9600, 19200, 38400. Default off. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
E06
Iout Def.(Iout Definition)
For setting output data of Analog signal, 4 options are available, off, flowrate, velocity, total. The unit is according to parameter group B. Default off.(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E07
4mA Value
Set up corresponding value to 4mA, default 0. Both positive and negative values work. The value should be smaller than 20mA.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E08
20mA Value
Set up corresponding value to 20mA, default 100. Both positive and negative values work. The value should be larger than 4mA.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E11
4mA Adj. uA(4mA Output Adjustment in microAmp)
Fine tune 4mA outputted value, the unit is uA.After fine tuning and saving the setting, output current will be varied for immediate check.Positive value increases output current, negative value decreases output current.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E12
20mA Adj. uA(20mA Output Adjustment in microAmp)
Fine tune 20mA outputted value, the unit is uA.After fine tuning and saving the setting, ooutput current will be varied for immediate check.Positive value increases output current, negative value decreasess output current. (Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E14
PulseV2 Unit
Define how much flow volume to output a pulse, the unit is determined by B01 as follows：
The unit of L and m3 is Litre.
The unit of U.gal(US Gallon) and ft3 is U.gal.
The unit of I.gal(Imperial Gallon) is I.gal.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310A)
E15
Byte format
Please refer to RS485 and Modbus RTU Setting for more information.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
E16
Bit order
Please refer to RS485 and Modbus RTU Setting for more information.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
E17
Endianness
Please refer to RS485 and Modbus RTU Setting for more information.
(Applicable to Model FP-AS310R)
H06
Reset
Clear all the data (include date and cumulative data), reset all parameters to default values.
H07
Lock Device
Turn on the password function to prevent unauthorized access to the setting screen. The password can be changed in parameter H08, default off.
H08
Password
Modify the 4 digits password to prevent unauthorized access to the setting screen. The password function is enabled at parameter H07. The preset password is 0000.
H09
Engineer mode
H10
System Info
H11
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